Mrs. Elliott's Essentials Class: Week Twenty-two

Week Twenty-two

Compound-Complex/All/S-Vl-PN and PA Verbals Tasks 1-6

(Label this sentence.)

My brother, who loves sports, yelled, but he enjoyed the game while he watched it on TV.

Welcome

Proverbs 27:17 As iron sharpens iron, so one man sharpens another.

Prayer

Verbals: Infinitives

We are supposed to be reviewing sentence patterns right now, but I am going to be introducing something difficult, and I wanted the most time available for that. I will spend some time on the other at the end of class, if we have time.

A few weeks ago we began working on verb anatomy. The first principal part of the verb is? (infinitive) The infinitive is a verb in its base form. However, it can also act as a noun, adjective, or adverb in the context of a sentence.

To dance is fun. (infinitive acting as subject)

I love to dance. (infinitive acting as a direct object)

I need a song to sing. (infinitive acting as an adjective – what kind?)

Jesus is easy to love. (infinitive acting as an adverb – how?)

Examples? – use it in a sentence.

Infinitives can be simple, like the ones above, or they can be phrases and clauses.

To win the presidency takes hard work. (entire infinitive phrase acting as subject)

Jesus loves to help children. (infinitive phrase acting as a direct object)

They had the money to visit France. (infinitive phrase acting as adjective – what kind?)

Jesus died to free sinners. (infinitive phrase acting as adverb – why?)

Questions?

Verbals: Participles Let’s review again. What are the five principal parts of a verb?( Infinitive, present, past, present participle, past participle)

We’ve just learned how infinitives can act as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs in a sentence. Now we’re going to learn how present and past participles can act as adjectives in a sentence.

Here are some examples:

Jumping, calling, laughing, playing present participle

Jumped, called, laughed, played past participle

Here are some sample sentences using participles:

The jumping child broke his wrist on the trampoline. (present participle used as an adjective)

Don’t awaken a sleeping giant.

The delighted mother received flowers.

The decayed tooth caused her great pain.

Similar to Infinitives, participles can also be used as phrases.

Struggling vigorously, the disciples fell asleep.

Labeled a failure, the sad child cheated on the exam.

Be careful not to confuse participles used as adjectives with verb phrases. If it has a helping verb, it is a verb phrase, not a verbal.